Glucosamine and Boswellin^® Blend of our premium formula for maintenance of joint health. It combines the essential joint nutrients Glucosamine (for connective tissue building blocks) with the botanical benefits of Boswellin^® extract (70% 0rganic acids supports healthy joint function and flexibility), and Curcumin C3 Complex^® (95% Curcuminoids - dual-action antioxidants), Bromelain and Digezyme^® enzymes and the bio-availability enhancer Bioperine^®.

1. Glucosamine sulfate

Glucosamine sulfate is a sugar molecule which is the building block of glycosaminoglycans, that form the ground substance of connective tissues. Glycosaminoglycans are often lost from the body during the progression of aging or injury, leading to weakening of the connective tissues. Glucosamine sulfate in the formulation helps to replenish the building blocks of connective tissues in the body, thereby maintaining the integrity of the connective tissues¹.

1. Setnikar, I. et al. (1993) Arzneim-Forsch Drug Res. 43(II), No.10:1109-1113.

2. Boswellin^® (Boswellia serrata extract)

Boswellin^® is a standardized extract from the gum resin of Boswellia serrata, containing 65% boswellic acids which help to maintain healthy function of the joints. Clinical trials have revealed the efficacy of boswellic acids supplementation in promoting joint health and lubrication. Volunteers participating in these trials reported marked improvement in physical performance, without any associated untoward side effects¹. Boswellin^® has its own unique site of action to prevent side effects. The primary site of action of this compound is the inhibition of the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme, preventing the formation of inflammatory leukotrienes².

1. Gupta, V.N. et al. (1986) Indian Drugs. 24(5):221-231.
2. Ammon, H.P.T. et al. (1993) J. Ethnopharmacology. 38: 113-119.

3. Curcumin C3 Complex^®

Recent research has revealed that free radicals play an important role in the progression of aging and related conditions. Curcumin C3 Complex^® , a unique composition of the curcuminoids - curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin - is a standardized extract from turmeric, or Curcuma longa. The product contains a minimum of 95% curcuminoids. Unlike other antioxidants, there are two particular modes of antioxidant action of curcuminoids. The "prevention mode" prevents the formation of free radicals. The second mechanism, known as the "intervention mode", neutralizes the already formed free radicals by the action of free radical scavenging. Curcumin C3 Complex^® is therefore considered an effective "Bioprotectant" due to its dual activity of prevention and intervention¹.

1. Majeed, M. et al. (1995) Curcuminoids : Antioxidant Phytonutrients. NutriScience Publishers Inc., Piscataway, New Jersey.

4. Chondroitin sulfate

Chondroitin sulfates are mucopolysaccharides that help to maintain the elasticity and fluidity of connective tissues by virtue of their capability to attract and hold water. Persistent stress to a joint may damage the cartilage tissue. This leads to difficulty in movement of the joints accompanied by pain and inflammation. Supplemental chondroitin sulfate helps provide nutrients for the growth and repair of damaged cartilage tissue, thereby supporting the health of joints1.

1. Conte, A. et al. (1995) Arzneim. Forsch Drug Res. 45(II), No. 8:918-925.

5. Digezyme^®

Digezyme^® is a multi-functional digestive aid containing a combination of enzymes derived from fermented grain. Amylases in the product help in starch digestion, proteases assist in the digestion of proteins, while lipases promote fat digestion. An additional component, lactase, helps lactose intolerant individuals digest the milk sugar, lactose¹. As a component of the Joint Formula, this product enhances digestion. Undigested food and the resultant toxin build up may aggravate the symptoms of inflammation.

1. Digezyme^® , a brochure published by Sabinsa Corporation.

6. Bromelain

Bromelain is a protein-digesting enzyme derived from the pineapple plant. It actively splits protein, thus helping in the digestion of food. The enzyme is effective in helping the body manage inflammation. Clinical studies have validated the efficacy of bromelain in musculoskeletal injuries. In a case study involving individuals with injuries to the musculoskeletal system, bromelain was administered for five days. Treatment with bromelain resulted in improved function¹.

1. Masson, M. (1995). Fortschr Med, 113(19):303-6.

7. Bioperine^®

Bioperine^® is a standardized extract obtained from black pepper, containing not less than 95% piperine. The product is a natural bioavailability enhancer for nutrients and is proven to improve the uptake and utilization of several nutritional supplements, including vitamins, antioxidants and minerals^1,2.

1. Majeed, M., et al. United States Patent #s. 5,536,506 (1996) and 5,744,161 (1998).
2. Guido, S. et al. (1998). Planta Medica 64: 1-4.

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These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.